1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel Flange, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1 Product Information
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ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel Flange, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1 Synonyms
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ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1 Product Information
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## **Product Datasheet: ASTM A213 T11 / F11-1 Alloy Steel Tube**
**Product Overview**
ASTM A213 T11, often commercially designated as **F11-1**, is a **chromium-molybdenum (Cr-Mo) low-alloy steel** seamless tube belonging to the classic "1¼Cr-½Mo" alloy family. This grade is specifically engineered for **high-temperature service** in power boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers, offering enhanced **oxidation resistance** and **creep strength** compared to lower-alloy grades like T2 and T12. With a nominal composition of 1.25% chromium and 0.5% molybdenum, T11 provides superior resistance to steam oxidation and hydrogen attack, making it a standard choice for components operating at elevated temperatures and pressures. The **"F11-1"** designation typically refers to a specific sub-class with a controlled carbon content for improved weldability.
**Key International Standards**
* **Primary Standard:** **ASTM A213 / A213M** - Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler, Superheater, and Heat-Exchanger Tubes.
* **Governing Specification:** This product conforms to the requirements for **Grade T11** within ASTM A213.
* **ASME Designation:** **SA-213 T11** - The mandatory ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) designation.
* **Commercial Designation:** **F11-1** (sometimes **F11 Class 1**) indicates a variant with chemistry optimized for welding (typically lower carbon within the allowable range).
* **Heat Treatment:** Supplied in the **annealed, normalized and tempered, or full-annealed** condition to ensure a soft, ductile microstructure suitable for tube bending and welding.
* **Related Standards:** Equivalent grades include **DIN 17175 14MoV63**, **EN 10216-2 14MoV6-3**, and **JIS G3462 STBA 24**.
**Chemical Composition (Weight % - ASTM A213 T11 Requirements & F11-1 Aim)**
| Element | ASTM A213 T11 Requirement | F11-1 Typical Aim / Range |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | 0.05 - 0.15% | **0.05 - 0.10%** (Lower end for weldability) |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30 - 0.60% | 0.40 - 0.60% |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.025% max | ≤ 0.020% |
| **Sulfur (S)** | 0.025% max | ≤ 0.015% |
| **Silicon (Si)** | 0.50 - 1.00% | 0.60 - 0.90% |
| **Chromium (Cr)** | **1.00 - 1.50%** | 1.15 - 1.35% |
| **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **0.44 - 0.65%** | 0.45 - 0.60% |
| **Carbon Equivalent (C.E. IIW)** | -- | Typically 0.45 - 0.55 (F11-1 at lower end) |
**Physical & Mechanical Properties (Room Temperature)**
| Property | Requirement (ASTM A213 T11) | Typical Performance / Notes |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Tensile Strength** | 60 ksi (415 MPa) min | 65 - 85 ksi (448 - 586 MPa) |
| **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | 30 ksi (205 MPa) min | 35 - 50 ksi (241 - 345 MPa) |
| **Elongation in 2" (Min)** | 30% | 30 - 35% |
| **Hardness (Approx., HB)** | -- | ~140-190 HB |
| **Maximum Recommended Metal Temperature** | -- | **Up to ~1100°F (593°C)** for prolonged service. The higher Cr content provides excellent oxidation resistance and good resistance to high-temperature hydrogen attack (HTHA). |
| **Key Feature** | **Enhanced 1.25Cr-0.5Mo Alloy:** Provides a significant upgrade in oxidation and hydrogen attack resistance over 1% Cr grades (T12), making it suitable for more severe high-temperature environments, particularly in refinery heater tubes and high-temperature superheaters. |
**Product Applications**
ASTM A213 T11 / F11-1 tubes are specified for demanding high-temperature heat transfer services where oxidation and hydrogen are concerns.
* **Superheater & Reheater Tubes:** High-temperature sections in utility and industrial boilers.
* **Process Heater Tubes:** Radiant and convection tubes in refinery heaters (e.g., crude, vacuum, coker heaters) where resistance to HTHA is required.
* **Heat Exchanger Tubes:** In high-temperature, high-pressure exchangers in petrochemical and refining services.
* **Steam Piping & Headers:** For high-temperature steam lines.
* **Catalytic Reformer & Hydroprocessor Piping/Transfer Lines.**
**Advantages & Fabrication Notes**
* **Weldability (F11-1 Advantage):** The "F11-1" specification, with carbon controlled at the lower end, offers **improved weldability** and reduced preheat requirements compared to the maximum carbon T11. However, strict protocols remain:
* **Preheat:** Mandatory, typically **400-500°F (204-260°C)**.
* **Low-Hydrogen Practice:** Essential (e.g., E8018-B2 electrodes).
* **Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT):** **Always required.** Standard range is **1250-1350°F (677-732°C)**. **Very slow cooling through the 1200-800°F (649-427°C) range is critical to prevent reheat cracking**, a known susceptibility of this alloy.
* **Superior Oxidation & HTHA Resistance:** The 1.25% Cr content provides a stable, protective oxide layer and good resistance to hydrogen attack per API RP 941 (Nelson Curves) in many refinery services.
* **Creep Strength:** Good long-term creep strength due to molybdenum and chromium carbide formation.
* **Formability:** Good hot formability. Cold bending may require subsequent stress relief or PWHT.
* **Code Compliance:** Fully recognized in the **ASME BPVC, Section I** and **Section VIII**, with published allowable stresses up to 1100°F (593°C).
**Disclaimer:**
This datasheet provides general information on **ASTM A213 T11 / F11-1** alloy steel tubes. For procurement, specify the complete standard, grade (T11), and if applicable, the **F11-1** sub-designation for enhanced weldability. **Design must be based on ASME BPVC allowable stress values.** Welding and PWHT are critical; WPS/PQR per ASME Section IX is mandatory. **Reheat cracking is a major risk;** procedures must include controlled heating/cooling rates. For hydrogen service, a **formal HTHA assessment per API RP 941 is required**. Material selection and fabrication must be overseen by qualified personnel experienced with Cr-Mo steels. Always consult the tube manufacturer's data and the applicable construction code.
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ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1 Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4702 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1 Properties
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Applications of ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel Flange, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1
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Chemical Identifiers ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel Flange, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1
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Packing of ASTM A213 T11 Alloy Steel Flange, Chromium Molybdenum, F11-1
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1173 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
