1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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AISI 1008 Steel Flange, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information
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AISI 1008 Steel Flange, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms
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AISI 1008 Steel, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information
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## **Product Specification: AISI 1008 Low Carbon Steel, Cold-Drawn Bar**
### **Product Designation**
* **Standard Name:** AISI 1008 / SAE 1008
* **UNS Number:** G10080
* **Condition:** **Cold-Drawn**
* **Product Form:** **Round Bar**
* **Size Range:** **19 mm to 32 mm (0.75 inch to 1.25 inch) diameter**
* **Key Features:** Excellent surface finish, tight dimensional tolerances, increased strength from cold work, superior straightness, and good machinability.
### **Overview**
AISI 1008 cold-drawn round bar is a premium, ready-to-machine form of low-carbon steel. The cold-drawing process transforms hot-rolled stock by pulling it through a die at room temperature, imparting significant improvements. For bars in the 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) range, this results in a smooth, scale-free surface, precise and consistent dimensions, and a substantial increase in yield and tensile strength due to strain hardening. It is the preferred stock material for manufacturing components requiring accuracy, a fine finish, and reliable mechanical properties without the need for initial descaling or rough turning.
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### **1. Chemical Composition (Typical % by Weight, AISI/SAE Standard)**
The composition is similar to hot-rolled 1008, with a focus on consistency for the drawing process.
| Element | Content (%) | Role & Effect |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | 0.10 max | Slightly higher than 1006, providing a better base for strength after cold working while retaining excellent weldability. |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30 - 0.50 | Aids in deoxidation and contributes to solid solution strengthening. |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | 0.040 max | Impurity; controlled for formability. |
| **Sulfur (S)** | 0.050 max | Impurity; often kept at the higher end of the range to improve machinability in cold-drawn products. |
| **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Primary constituent. |
| **Note:** The consistent, low-carbon ferritic microstructure ensures predictable behavior during cold drawing and subsequent processing.
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### **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties (Cold-Drawn Condition, 19-32 mm round)**
**A. Physical Properties**
* **Density:** 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³)
* **Elastic Modulus (E):** 200 GPa (29,000 ksi)
* **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29
* **Thermal Conductivity:** ~62 W/m·K (High)
* **Electrical Resistivity:** ~12.1 μΩ·cm (Good conductor)
**B. Mechanical Properties (Typical, As-Cold-Drawn)**
*Properties are anisotropic, with maximum strength aligned with the drawing direction.*
* **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** **345 - 515 MPa (50 - 75 ksi)** *[~30%+ higher than hot-rolled]*
* **Tensile Strength:** **450 - 585 MPa (65 - 85 ksi)**
* **Elongation in 50 mm:** **12% - 22%** (Adequate for many forming operations, though reduced by cold work).
* **Hardness (Brinell):** **140 - 195 HB**
* **Surface Finish:** Smooth, bright, and free of mill scale. Typical surface roughness (Ra) can be ≤ 3.2 μm (125 μin), ideal for painting, plating, or use as-is.
* **Dimensional Tolerance:** Meets precise **ASTM A29** cold-drawn tolerances. Excellent for diameter, roundness, and straightness control.
* **Machinability:** **Good to Very Good.** The cold-worked structure provides better chip-breaking characteristics than annealed material. The slightly higher carbon and sulfur content (vs. 1006) further enhance machinability, making it a preferred choice for screw machine and CNC lathe operations.
* **Hardenability:** **None.** Cannot be strengthened by heat treatment.
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### **3. Product Applications**
Cold-drawn AISI 1008 round bar in this medium diameter range is a workhorse material for precision parts across multiple industries.
* **Shafts & Axles:** Guide rods, pivot shafts, light-duty drive shafts, and conveyor rollers where straightness and surface finish are critical.
* **Precision Machined Components:** Bushings, spacers, sleeves, dowel pins, hydraulic fittings, and fasteners produced on automatic screw machines or CNC lathes.
* **Automotive Components:** Linkage rods, brake pins, clutch parts, and bracket pins requiring consistency and finish.
* **General Hardware & Fasteners:** Higher-strength bolts, studs, and pins (often cold-headed from this stock).
* **Welded Assemblies:** For structures requiring a clean, paint-ready surface without post-processing, such as frames for machinery, furniture, or retail displays.
* **Tooling & Fixtures:** As a durable, easy-to-machine material for jigs, fixtures, and non-wear tooling components.
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### **4. International Standards & Designations**
| Standard System | Designation | Notes / Key Comparison |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **SAE / AISI (USA)** | **SAE 1008 / AISI 1008** | Base grade designation. |
| **UNS (USA)** | **G10080** | Unified Numbering System. |
| **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A108** | **The governing specification** for cold-finished carbon and alloy steel bars. Tolerances per **ASTM A29**. |
| **DIN / EN (Germany/EU)** | **C10D (1.1121)** or **C15D (1.1141)**. | Bright drawn low carbon steels. C10D is a closer match, though European grades often have slightly tighter specifications. |
| **JIS (Japan)** | **SWRCH15A (JIS G3507-1)** | Cold heading quality steel wire rod. SWRCH10A (for 1006) and SWRCH15A are common equivalents. |
| **GB (China)** | **15, Q215** | Common designations for cold-drawing quality low carbon steel. |
| **ISO** | **ISO 683-18: G10** or **G15** | Designation for non-alloy bright steel products. |
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### **Processing & Design Considerations**
1. **Stress Relieving:** If significant secondary cold forming (e.g., flanging, tight coiling) is required, a low-temperature stress relief (~345°C / 650°F) can restore ductility and reduce springback.
2. **Anisotropy:** Mechanical properties are directional. Transverse ductility and impact strength are lower than longitudinal values.
3. **Weldability:** **Excellent.** However, the heat from welding will locally anneal (soften) the cold-worked material in the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ).
4. **Value Proposition:** Offers "near-net-shape" benefits, reducing machining time, material waste, and secondary finishing compared to starting with hot-rolled bar.
### **Summary**
**AISI 1008 cold-drawn round bar in the 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) range is an optimized manufacturing input that delivers enhanced strength, precision, and surface quality over its hot-rolled counterpart.** It represents an ideal balance for component production: it is strong enough for many mechanical applications, machines well, finishes beautifully, and is economically viable for high-volume runs. Governed by **ASTM A108**, it is a standardized, reliable, and widely available material that forms the backbone of countless machined and fabricated parts in automotive, general machinery, and hardware industries globally. Its properties make it a superior alternative to 1006 for applications requiring a slight strength advantage and improved machinability.
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AISI 1008 Steel, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4739 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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AISI 1008 Steel, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties
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Applications of AISI 1008 Steel Flange, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round
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Chemical Identifiers AISI 1008 Steel Flange, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round
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Packing of AISI 1008 Steel Flange, cold drawn bar, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1210 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
