1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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AISI 1086 Steel Flange, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860) Product Information
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AISI 1086 Steel Flange, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860) Synonyms
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AISI 1086 Steel, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860) Product Information
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### **Product Data Sheet: AISI 1086 Steel, Hot-Rolled Bar (UNS G10860)**
#### **1. Overview**
AISI 1086 (UNS G10860) is a very high-carbon, non-alloy steel supplied in the standard hot-rolled bar form. It is a specialized grade within the AISI 10xx series, characterized by a carbon content at the uppermost range of standard high-carbon steels. In its as-rolled condition, it serves as a foundational raw material with a pearlitic microstructure and mill-scaled surface, offering moderate strength and machinability. AISI 1086 is distinguished by its exceptional potential for achieving extreme hardness, wear resistance, and elastic limit after proper heat treatment, making it a premier choice for demanding applications where the ultimate performance of plain carbon steel is required.
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#### **2. Chemical Composition (AISI/SAE Standard)**
| Element | Content (%) |
| :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | **0.82 - 0.95** |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60 - 0.90 |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 |
| **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 |
| **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 |
| **Iron (Fe)** | Balance |
**Key Distinction:** The carbon range (0.82-0.95%) positions AISI 1086 at the very top of the common high-carbon steel grades, alongside AISI 1084, 1085, and 1095. In practical terms, these grades (1084, 1085, 1086, 1095) are often treated as functionally equivalent, with the specific grade selected based on mill availability and slight typical variations in manganese content. The defining feature is the capability for maximum hardenability.
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#### **3. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (As-Hot Rolled)**
*Properties are for the "black," as-rolled state prior to any further processing.*
| Property | Typical Value / Description |
| :--- | :--- |
| **Condition** | Hot-Rolled (Pearlitic Microstructure) |
| **Density** | 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) |
| **Modulus of Elasticity** | 190-210 GPa (27.5-30.5 x 10⁶ psi) |
| **Tensile Strength** | **690 - 850 MPa (100 - 123 ksi)** |
| **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | **380 - 480 MPa (55 - 70 ksi)** |
| **Elongation (in 50 mm)** | **~ 9 - 12%** |
| **Reduction in Area** | **~ 20 - 25%** |
| **Hardness** | **201 - 255 HB** (Brinell) |
| **Machinability** | **Fair to Poor (~45% of AISI 1212).** The high carbon content and abrasive pearlitic structure reduce tool life. Machinability improves significantly after normalizing or annealing. |
| **Surface Finish** | Standard hot-rolled finish with adherent mill scale. |
| **Hardenability** | **Exceptional.** Capable of achieving up to **65-67 HRC** after proper quenching, offering the highest hardness among standard carbon steels. |
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#### **4. Key Characteristics & Heat Treatment Response**
* **Ultimate Hardenability:** The primary characteristic. AISI 1086 can be hardened to the maximum level possible for plain carbon steel, resulting in superior edge retention, wear resistance, and abrasion performance.
* **High Elastic Limit Potential:** When quenched and tempered to a spring condition (~45-50 HRC), it develops an extremely high yield strength, making it suitable for the most demanding spring applications.
* **Heat Treatment Sensitivity:** Requires precise control. Overheating during austenitizing can lead to excessive grain growth, retained austenite, and increased risk of quench cracking. A narrow austenitizing range (~775-790°C / 1425-1450°F) is recommended.
* **Inherent Brittleness:** Exhibits low ductility and impact toughness in both as-rolled and hardened states. Not suitable for applications requiring shock resistance without careful tempering.
* **Very Poor Weldability:** **Not recommended for welding.** The extreme carbon content creates a high susceptibility to heat-affected zone cracking. If unavoidable, requires stringent preheating (400-450°C), post-weld heat treatment, and specialized low-hydrogen procedures.
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#### **5. Primary Product Applications**
AISI 1086 hot-rolled bar is a specialized feedstock for components requiring uncompromising hardness and strength.
* **High-Performance Cutting Tools & Blades:** **Premium knives (hunting, tactical), machetes, industrial shear blades, scrapers, and cutters** where maximum edge retention is critical.
* **Heavy-Duty Springs:** For the most demanding **coil springs, leaf springs (mining/trucking), and torsion bars** where the highest possible elastic limit and fatigue life are required.
* **Striking & Impact Tools:** **Chisels, punches, cold chisels, and hammer faces** that require extreme surface hardness to resist deformation.
* **Severe Wear Parts:** Components subjected to intense abrasion: **agricultural plow shares, cultivator points, crusher liners, and grader blades**.
* **Tooling & Die Components:** For non-precision punches, die inserts, and wear parts that benefit from extreme hardness without the cost of alloy tool steels.
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#### **6. Relevant International & Industry Standards**
*Note: AISI 1086 is less commonly specified by name than 1084 or 1095, but is covered under general high-carbon steel specifications.*
| Standard System | Standard Designation | Title / Scope |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **AISI / SAE / UNS (USA)** | **1086, SAE J403, UNS G10860** | Standard Grade Designation. |
| **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A29/A29M** | Standard Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought |
| **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A576** | Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality (Grade 1086) |
| **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A689** | Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars for Springs |
| **DIN / EN (Germany/EU)** | **1.1274 / C90W2** | EN 10083-2: Steels for quenching and tempering. A close equivalent. |
| **JIS (Japan)** | **SWRH82B / SWRH87A** | High Carbon Steel Wire Rods (similar composition range). |
| **GB (China)** | **90#** | Quality Carbon Structural Steel (GB/T 699). |
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### **Manufacturing Pathway & Selection Guide**
1. **Material Selection:** Choose AISI 1086 when the application demands the **absolute maximum hardness and wear resistance from a non-alloy steel**, typically where 1060 or 1070 grades are insufficient.
2. **Forming:** Shape via **hot forging, machining, or hot bending**. Cold forming is not feasible without an intermediate spheroidizing anneal.
3. **Heat Treatment (Critical & Requires Expertise):**
* **Austenitize:** Heat uniformly and precisely to ~775-790°C (1425-1450°F). Avoid overheating.
* **Quench:** Use **warm, agitated oil** for most parts to achieve maximum hardness while controlling cracking. Water quenching is high-risk and for simple shapes only.
* **Temper:** **Immediately** after quenching. Temperatures range from 150-200°C (300-400°F) for maximum hardness (tools/blades) to 300-450°C (575-850°F) for springs/tough tools.
4. **Finishing:** Final grinding, polishing, or shot peening (for springs).
**Summary:** **AISI 1086 hot-rolled bar represents the peak of performance for standard high-carbon steels.** It is selected for applications where the design criteria necessitate the **highest attainable hardness, strength, and elastic limit** from an economical, non-alloy chemistry. While often interchangeable with other "1095-range" grades, AISI 1086 is the material of choice for manufacturers of premium cutting tools, heavy-duty springs, and industrial wear components who seek to exploit the full potential of plain carbon steel through skilled and precise heat treatment. Its value is realized not in its as-rolled state, but in its transformational capability into an exceptionally hard and durable final product.
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AISI 1086 Steel, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860) Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4895 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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AISI 1086 Steel, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860) Properties
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Applications of AISI 1086 Steel Flange, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860)
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Chemical Identifiers AISI 1086 Steel Flange, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860)
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Packing of AISI 1086 Steel Flange, Hot Rolled Bar (UNS G10860)
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1366 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
