Crucible Steel Flange,PM M2 Tool Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Flange PM M2 Tool Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel Flange PM M2 Tool Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Crucible Steel PM M2 Tool Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Introduction: Crucible PM M2 Tool Steel** Crucible PM M2 is a premium particle metallurgy (PM) version of the industry-standard AISI M2 high-speed steel (HSS). It embodies the application of advanced Crucible Particle Metallurgy technology to a classic and versatile alloy, resulting in a material that retains all the desirable properties of conventional M2—excellent hot hardness (red hardness), good wear resistance, and moderate toughness—while significantly overcoming its traditional limitations. The PM manufacturing process produces a fine, isotropic microstructure with a uniform distribution of small, hard carbides. This eliminates the carbide segregation, banding, and size variations inherent in ingot-cast M2. Consequently, Crucible PM M2 offers superior grindability, enhanced dimensional stability during heat treatment, improved toughness and fatigue strength, and more consistent, predictable performance in all directions. It is the engineered upgrade for applications where reliability, tool life, and precision are critical. --- ### **1. Chemical Composition (Weight %)** The composition adheres to the standard AISI M2 specification, but with tighter control and homogeneity. | **Element** | **Carbon (C)** | **Tungsten (W)** | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **Chromium (Cr)** | **Vanadium (V)** | **Cobalt (Co)** | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content** | 0.85 - 0.95 | 5.90 - 6.40 | 4.70 - 5.20 | 3.80 - 4.40 | 1.75 - 2.05 | - | | **Role** | Provides hardness and forms carbides for wear resistance. | Imparts hot hardness and abrasion resistance. Forms stable carbides. | Primary contributor to hardenability and hot hardness. Partially substitutes for tungsten. | Ensures deep hardenability and improves wear/oxidation resistance. | Forms hard, wear-resistant vanadium carbides (VC). | Not present in standard PM M2. (Cobalt-bearing variants like PM M35 or PM M42 exist). | *Note: Iron (Fe) constitutes the remainder. Sulfur (S) is kept very low (<0.03%).* --- ### **2. Physical & Mechanical Properties** *Typical properties at room temperature after proper heat treatment to 63-65 HRC.* * **Density:** 8.16 g/cm³ (0.295 lb/in³) * **Modulus of Elasticity:** ~215 GPa (31.2 x 10⁶ psi) * **Thermal Conductivity:** Moderate, characteristic of molybdenum-tungsten high-speed steels. * **Hot Hardness (Red Hardness):** **Excellent.** Can maintain a hardness above 60 HRC at temperatures exceeding 500°C (930°F), enabling high-speed machining operations. * **Hardness (Typical Working Range):** **62 - 66 HRC.** The most common working hardness is **64-65 HRC**. * **Abrasion Resistance:** **Good to Very Good.** Superior to many cold work tool steels (like D2) at elevated temperatures due to retained hardness. At room temperature, wear resistance is competitive. * **Toughness:** **Good for a high-speed steel.** The PM structure provides higher and more consistent transverse toughness compared to conventional M2, reducing the risk of chipping and fracture. * **Grindability:** **Excellent (compared to conventional M2).** This is a key advantage. The fine, uniform carbides allow for faster grinding rates, better surface finishes, reduced grinding burns, and longer grinding wheel life. * **Dimensional Stability:** **Superior.** Minimal and predictable distortion during heat treatment due to the homogeneous microstructure. --- ### **3. Heat Treatment** * **Annealing:** Heat to 850-870°C (1560-1600°F), slow cool. Typical annealed hardness: 215-240 HB. * **Stress Relieving:** 600-650°C (1110-1200°F), then slow cool. * **Preheating:** **Critical.** Double preheat is standard: First at 540-650°C (1000-1200°F), then at 815-870°C (1500-1600°F) to minimize thermal shock. * **Austenitizing:** 1190-1220°C (2175-2230°F) for optimal balance of properties. Higher temperatures increase hot hardness and wear resistance but reduce toughness. * **Quenching:** Air quench (for most tools), positive pressure gas quench (for best dimensional control), or salt bath quench. Oil quenching is possible but not preferred for precision tools due to higher distortion. * **Tempering:** **Mandatory Multiple Tempers.** Temper immediately after quenching to room temperature. **Minimum of two tempers** (three are often recommended), each for 2 hours. Typical tempering range: 540-570°C (1000-1060°F). A distinct secondary hardening peak is observed, increasing hardness after the first temper. * **Sub-Zero Treatment:** Commonly applied between quenching and tempering to convert retained austenite, ensuring maximum hardness and dimensional stability. --- ### **4. Key Applications** Crucible PM M2 is the material of choice for high-performance cutting tools and demanding wear parts. * **Precision Cutting Tools:** Gear hobs, shaper cutters, broaches, milling cutters (end mills, face mills), drills, and reamers for machining steels, cast irons, and non-ferrous alloys. * **Punches and Dies:** For cold work applications such as fine blanking, stamping, and forming, especially where a combination of wear resistance and toughness is needed. * **Roll Forming & Thread Rolling:** Rolls for producing threads or forms on metal parts. * **Woodworking Tools:** High-quality router bits, shaper cutters, and planer knives where heat build-up is a concern. * **Injection Molding & Extrusion:** Wear components like nozzles, screws, and barrels for processing abrasive plastics. --- ### **5. International Standards & Cross-References** * **AISI/SAE:** M2 * **UNS:** T11302 * **European (EN):** HS 6-5-2 / **1.3343** * **Japanese (JIS):** SKH51 * **ISO:** HS6-5-2 * **Common Trade Names:** PM M2, Micro-Melt® M2, ASP® 2020 (similar PM grade from another manufacturer). --- ### **6. Advantages & Limitations** **Advantages of PM M2 over Conventional M2:** * **Superior Grindability:** Lower grinding forces, better finish, less risk of damage. * **Higher & More Consistent Toughness:** Especially in the transverse direction, leading to fewer tool failures. * **Enhanced Dimensional Stability:** Reduced distortion for more precise heat treatment. * **Improved Fatigue Strength:** Longer life for tools subjected to cyclic loading. * **More Uniform Performance:** Anisotropy is virtually eliminated. * **Longer Tool Life:** Due to the combination of the above factors. **Limitations:** * **Cost:** Higher initial material cost than conventional ingot-cast M2. * **Not a Stainless Steel:** Requires protection from corrosion. * **Heat Treatment Required:** Like all high-speed steels, requires precise and controlled heat treatment to achieve optimal properties. --- **In summary, Crucible PM M2 is not merely a material but a performance upgrade.** It takes the proven, workhorse chemistry of AISI M2 and elevates it through advanced manufacturing, delivering a tool steel that offers greater reliability, longer service life, and better processability. It is the intelligent choice for manufacturers seeking to maximize productivity and consistency in demanding tooling applications. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel PM M2 Tool Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6952 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Crucible Steel PM M2 Tool Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Crucible Steel Flange PM M2 Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Crucible Steel Flange PM M2 Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Crucible Steel Flange PM M2 Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3423 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition