1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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InduSteel Flange CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel Flange (300HB) with Improved Machinability Product Information
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InduSteel Flange CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel Flange (300HB) with Improved Machinability Synonyms
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Industeel CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel (300HB) with Improved Machinability Product Information
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# **Product Introduction: Industeel CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Corrosion-Resistant Mold Steel (Free-Cutting Grade)**
## **1. Overview**
**Industeel CLC 1.2316S** is a **premium, free-cutting, prehardened martensitic stainless mold steel**, engineered as the machinability-enhanced variant of the standard CLC 1.2316. Supplied in a **quenched and tempered (prehardened) condition** with a hardness of approximately **300 HB (31-33 HRC)**, it retains the excellent corrosion resistance of its base grade while incorporating a **controlled sulfur content** to dramatically improve machinability. This material is specifically designed for molds requiring the corrosion resistance of stainless steel but with extensive, complex machining where reduced cycle time and improved tool life are critical economic factors. The **CLC (Cleanliness and Consistency)** quality ensures optimal control over sulfide inclusion morphology and distribution, providing predictable performance and minimizing the anisotropic effects typically associated with free-cutting grades.
## **2. International Standards & Specifications**
This material is a specialized, sulfur-modified version of the standard corrosion-resistant mold steel grade.
* **Primary Base Standard:**
* **DIN 1.2316 / EN ISO 4957 X36CrMo17:** The standard for corrosion-resistant plastic mold steel. The "S" suffix denotes the free-machining variant.
* **Key Designations & Equivalents:**
* **Industry Designation:** **1.2316 S / 1.2316+S** – Commonly used to indicate the free-cutting version.
* **Comparative Grade:** The stainless steel equivalent to **1.2312** within the corrosion-resistant family.
* **Manufacturer's Designation:**
* **Industeel CLC 1.2316S:** The proprietary designation indicating **CLC (Cleanliness and Consistency)** quality applied to the free-cutting variant. This ensures superior control over the sulfur addition process.
## **3. Chemical Composition (Weight %, Typical for Free-Cutting Variant)**
The composition mirrors standard 1.2316 with the critical addition of sulfur to enable free-machining characteristics.
| Element | Composition Range (%) | Role & Benefit |
|---------|----------------------|----------------|
| **Carbon (C)** | 0.33 – 0.40 | Provides base strength and hardness. |
| **Chromium (Cr)** | 15.50 – 17.50 | **Primary corrosion-resisting element.** Forms a protective passive chromium oxide layer. |
| **Molybdenum (Mo)** | 1.00 – 1.30 | Enhances pitting corrosion resistance and hardenability. |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | ≤ 1.00 | Combines with sulfur to form **manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions**, crucial for the free-machining effect. |
| **Silicon (Si)** | ≤ 0.40 | Deoxidizer. |
| **Sulfur (S)** | **0.05 – 0.07 (Key Feature)** | **The defining additive.** Forms soft, elongated MnS inclusions that act as internal chip breakers and provide lubrication at the tool-chip interface, significantly reducing cutting forces and improving chip evacuation. |
| **Other Elements:** Vanadium (V) may be present in trace amounts (<0.10%) for grain refinement. |
## **4. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (As Prehardened)**
* **Delivery Condition:** Quenched and tempered at the mill, ready for machining.
* **Hardness:** **290 – 320 HB (31 – 33 HRC)** – Uniform throughout the cross-section.
* **Tensile Strength:** 1000 – 1150 MPa (145,000 – 167,000 psi)
* **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** 850 – 950 MPa (123,000 – 138,000 psi)
* **Elongation:** ≥ 10% (in 50mm)
* **Impact Toughness (Charpy V-Notch):** **Moderate, with anisotropy.** Typically **15 – 25 J (11 – 18 ft-lb)** at room temperature. **Toughness is lower than standard 1.2316** and is directional; properties transverse to the rolling direction (where MnS stringers are aligned) are reduced.
* **Corrosion Resistance:** **Excellent.** Equivalent to standard 1.2316 in most molding environments. The MnS inclusions have minimal impact on the overall passivation capability of the high-chromium matrix.
* **Machinability:** **Outstanding / Excellent.** **Significantly better than standard 1.2316.** Rated **85-90% of 1% carbon steel**. Enables higher cutting speeds (15-30% increase), heavier feeds, longer tool life, and better chip control. This is the primary reason for selecting this grade.
* **Polishability:** **Good to Very Good, but with limitations.** The MnS inclusions can be pulled out during fine polishing, potentially creating micro-pits and limiting the ability to achieve a **perfect, flawless mirror finish (SPI A1)**. Fine satin and textured finishes (SPI A2-A3) are readily achievable.
* **Weldability:** **Poor to Fair.** The sulfur content significantly increases susceptibility to **hot cracking (solidification cracking)**. Welding is **generally not recommended** for critical mold areas. If unavoidable, it requires expert procedures, ultra-low sulfur filler metals, extensive pre-heat, and post-weld heat treatment.
* **Physical Properties:** Similar to standard 1.2316.
## **5. Product Application**
CLC 1.2316S is the strategic choice for complex molds in corrosive environments where machining constitutes a major portion of the manufacturing cost and time.
* **Large, Complex Molds for Corrosive Plastics:**
* **Mold bases, frames, and support structures** for PVC, flame-retardant, or acidic plastic molds requiring extensive milling and drilling.
* **Cavities and cores with intricate cooling channels or deep pockets** in corrosive plastic applications.
* **Medical and Technical Molds (Non-Optical Surfaces):**
* Molds for internal components or housings where corrosion resistance is critical but the highest optical polish is not required.
* **Prototype and Low-Volume Production Molds:** Where rapid machining and material removal are priorities.
* **Molds for Engineering Plastics** in humid environments, where the ease of machining large blocks is advantageous.
## **6. Key Features & Advantages**
* **Superior Machinability:** The primary advantage. Drastically reduces machining time and cost for complex stainless steel molds, improving workshop throughput.
* **Excellent Chip Control:** Produces short, broken chips that are easy to evacuate, enhancing operator safety and machine efficiency.
* **Maintained Corrosion Resistance:** Retains the excellent chemical resistance of the 1.2316 family, suitable for all standard corrosive molding applications.
* **No Heat Treatment Required:** Eliminates distortion risks associated with post-machining hardening.
* **Good Dimensional Stability:** Predictable behavior during machining of complex geometries.
* **Cost-Effectiveness:** The savings in machining time and tooling costs can substantially offset the material premium, especially for molds with high metal removal rates.
## **7. Processing Guidelines & Important Trade-offs**
* **Machining:** Exploit its free-cutting properties. Use sharp carbide tools, higher speeds and feeds than for standard 1.2316. Excellent for high-efficiency roughing and semi-finishing.
* **Polishing:** Manage expectations. For surfaces requiring SPI A1 polish, consider using standard 1.2316 inserts in critical areas. Sequential polishing with fine abrasives is still effective for high-quality finishes.
* **Welding: AVOID IF POSSIBLE.** This is the major trade-off. Design the mold to minimize weld repairs. If welding is unavoidable, consult with welding specialists.
* **EDM:** Performs well with standard parameters.
* **Design Consideration – Anisotropy:** Be aware of directional properties. For components subject to high impact loads, orient the part to load parallel to the rolling direction where toughness is higher.
**Summary:**
Industeel CLC 1.2316S is a specialized engineering solution that makes a calculated performance trade: it exchanges a degree of polishability and all weldability for dramatically improved machinability, while fully preserving corrosion resistance. It is not a drop-in replacement for standard 1.2316 but a targeted choice for specific scenarios. For mold manufacturers facing the challenge of machining large, complex blocks of corrosion-resistant steel, CLC 1.2316S provides a powerful tool to reduce cycle times, lower machining costs, and improve productivity, making the fabrication of stainless steel molds more efficient and economically viable. Its use should be guided by a clear understanding of the final mold's surface finish requirements and repair strategy.
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Industeel CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel (300HB) with Improved Machinability Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7044 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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Industeel CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel (300HB) with Improved Machinability Properties
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Applications of InduSteel Flange CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel Flange (300HB) with Improved Machinability
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Chemical Identifiers InduSteel Flange CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel Flange (300HB) with Improved Machinability
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Packing of InduSteel Flange CLC 1.2316S Prehardened Mold Steel Flange (300HB) with Improved Machinability
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3515 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
