1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
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Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel Flange (AISI 420) Product Information
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Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel Flange (AISI 420) Synonyms
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Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel (AISI 420) Product Information
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### **Product Introduction: Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Premium Plastic Mold Steel**
**Overview**
Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ (Mirror Quality) is a high-purity, martensitic stainless mold steel specifically engineered for the demanding requirements of plastic injection molding and other precision tooling applications. Based on the AISI 420 standard, this grade undergoes advanced melting and processing to achieve exceptional cleanliness, uniform microstructure, and superior polishability.
The "MQ" designation signifies its premium quality, optimized for mirror-like surface finishes, excellent corrosion resistance, and good machinability in the pre-hardened state. It is the material of choice for molding a wide range of plastics, especially those requiring optical clarity, high-gloss finishes, or those that are corrosive (e.g., PVC, flame-retardant materials).
**Key Advantages**
* **Superior Corrosion Resistance:** Provides excellent resistance to rust and chemical attack from moisture, acids released by certain plastics (e.g., PVC), and common mold coolants, minimizing downtime for maintenance.
* **Exceptional Polishability:** The high-purity, fine-grained, and homogeneous structure allows it to be polished to a true **#1 Diamond (A1) mirror finish** (Ra < 0.012 μm), which is critical for molding optical lenses, cosmetic parts, and high-gloss consumer products.
* **Excellent Etchability:** Responds consistently and uniformly to photochemical etching (PEM) for creating textured surfaces (e.g., leather grain, geometric patterns) on molded parts.
* **Good Machinability & EDM Performance:** Offers better machinability and electrical discharge machining (EDM) characteristics than higher-carbon stainless tool steels, reducing lead times and tooling costs in the pre-hardened state.
* **Pre-Hardened & Dimensionally Stable:** Supplied in a through-hardened and tempered condition, ready for machining. It exhibits minimal size change during final heat treatment (if required), ensuring dimensional accuracy of the finished mold.
**International Standards & Specifications**
* **AISI / SAE:** 420 (Modified)
* **ASTM:** A581 (Standard Specification for Free-Machining Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods - not a direct mold steel spec, but defines composition)
* **UNS:** S42000
* **DIN / EN:** 1.2083 / X33CrS16 (A common European equivalent for plastic mold steels)
* **JIS:** SUS420J2
* **Common Trade Names:** "420 Stainless Mold Steel," "Polmax," "Stavax ESR" (similar premium grades from other manufacturers).
**Chemical Composition (Typical Weight %)**
The composition is balanced to provide corrosion resistance through chromium, while maintaining good hardness, polishability, and avoiding excessive carbon which can harm toughness and polishability.
| Element | Carbon (C) | Chromium (Cr) | Silicon (Si) | Manganese (Mn) | Sulfur (S) |
| :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: | :---: |
| **% Range** | 0.33 - 0.43 | 12.00 - 14.00 | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 1.00 | ≤ 0.030 (Low) |
*Note: May contain controlled amounts of other elements like Nickel (Ni) and Vanadium (V) for enhanced properties.*
**Physical & Mechanical Properties (Pre-Hardened Condition)**
Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ is typically supplied and used in a pre-hardened and tempered condition, ready for machining.
* **Hardness (Supplied):** **30 - 34 HRC** (approx. 285 - 330 HB). This range provides an optimal balance of machinability, polishability, and wear resistance for most plastic molding applications.
* **Hardness (After Final Hardening):** If through-hardening is performed, it can achieve a maximum hardness of approximately **50 - 54 HRC**.
* **Tensile Strength:** ~1000 - 1200 MPa (145 - 175 ksi) in the pre-hardened state.
* **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset):** ~800 - 950 MPa (116 - 138 ksi) in the pre-hardened state.
* **Thermal Conductivity:** ~25 W/m·K (at 20°C) – Lower than non-stainless mold steels, which should be considered in cooling channel design.
* **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** ~10.5 x 10⁻⁶ /K (20-100°C).
**Typical Product Applications**
Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ is the industry standard for a vast range of plastic injection molds and tooling.
1. **High-Gloss & Optical Molds:**
* **Lenses:** Automotive lights, optical instruments, eyeglasses.
* **Consumer Electronics:** Housings for phones, tablets, TVs, and appliances requiring a flawless surface finish.
* **Cosmetic Packaging:** Containers for creams, lotions, and makeup.
2. **Corrosive Plastic Molds:**
* **PVC Fittings & Components:** For plumbing, windows, and profiles.
* **Flame-Retardant (FR) Plastics:** Electronics housings and components.
* **Polyurethane (PU) Foam Molds:** For automotive interiors and insulation panels.
3. **General Precision Mold Components:**
* **Mold Cavities & Cores:** For engineering plastics (POM, PA, PC, ABS).
* **Ejector Sleeves, Guide Pins/Bushes:** Where corrosion resistance prevents seizing.
* **Hot Runner Manifolds & Nozzles:** In systems processing corrosive materials.
**Processing & Heat Treatment Notes**
* **Machining:** Can be machined using standard high-speed steel (HSS) or carbide tools. Carbide is recommended for longer tool life, especially in the pre-hardened state.
* **Heat Treatment (Optional):** For maximum corrosion and wear resistance, it can be hardened by heating to 980-1050°C (1800-1920°F), oil or air quenching, and tempering in the range of 200-400°C (390-750°F) to the desired hardness (typically 48-52 HRC). Stress relieving after rough machining is advised.
* **Polishing:** Follow a progressive sequence from coarse to fine diamond compound. The homogeneous structure ensures a pit-free, high-quality finish.
**Conclusion**
Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ represents the benchmark for corrosion-resistant, high-polish plastic mold steels. Its reliable performance in the pre-hardened state, combined with its ability to achieve flawless surface finishes and resist aggressive molding environments, makes it an indispensable material for mold builders worldwide. For applications demanding both aesthetic perfection and longevity in corrosive service, 420 MQ delivers proven value and performance.
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Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel (AISI 420) Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <7214 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
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Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel (AISI 420) Properties
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Applications of Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel Flange (AISI 420)
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Chemical Identifiers Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel Flange (AISI 420)
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Packing of Latrobe LSS™ 420 MQ Plastic Mold Steel Flange (AISI 420)
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Standard Packing:
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Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3685 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
