Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A514 Grade B, Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, Steel Flange plate Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, Steel Flange plate Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Bethlehem Steel ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, steel plate Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **Bethlehem Steel ASTM A514 Grade B (1/4" to 1-1/4" thick) Quenched & Tempered Alloy Steel Plate** --- ## **1. Overview** Bethlehem Steel's **ASTM A514 Grade B** plate represents the **premier class of high-strength, quenched and tempered (Q&T) alloy structural steel**. Available in thicknesses from **1/4" to 1-1/4" (0.25" to 1.25")**, this material delivers an exceptional **100 ksi (690 MPa) minimum yield strength**, placing it among the strongest commonly available structural steels. The "Grade B" designation indicates a specific, balanced chemistry optimized for weldability and toughness at this extreme strength level. Supplied in the **quenched and tempered condition**, it offers an outstanding strength-to-weight ratio, making it ideal for critical, weight-sensitive applications in heavy machinery, mining equipment, and advanced structural systems where maximizing payload or minimizing dead load is paramount. **Note:** This is a premium, high-performance engineering material requiring specialized fabrication knowledge, particularly for welding. --- ## **2. International Standards** This product conforms to the primary specification for high-yield-strength, quenched and tempered alloy steel plate: * **Primary Standard: ASTM A514 / A514M** – Standard Specification for High-Yield-Strength, Quenched and Tempered Alloy Steel Plate, Suitable for Welding. * **Grade Designation:** **B** – One of several grades (A, B, C, E, F, etc.) each with slightly different chemical compositions tailored for specific thickness ranges and properties. Grade B is among the most common and versatile. * **Related/Equivalent Standards:** * **ASTM A517** – Essentially identical to A514. "A517" is the specification number often used for pressure vessel applications, while "A514" is used for structural applications. The grades (e.g., A517 Grade B) are chemically and mechanically the same. * **SAE J1392 (950X)** – An automotive/SAE designation for similar 100 ksi yield steels. * **EN 10025-6 S960QL** – A comparable European Q&T steel grade. --- ## **3. Chemical Composition (Typical, % by Weight)** The chemistry is a complex, low-carbon alloy system designed for extreme hardenability, toughness, and weldability. | Element | Content (Typical / Range) | Role & Implication | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | **0.12% - 0.21%** | Carefully balanced. High enough to contribute to strength via martensite formation during quenching, but low enough to maintain weldability and toughness after tempering. | | **Manganese (Mn)** | **0.70% - 1.00%** | Enhances hardenability and strength. | | **Phosphorus (P)** | **0.035% max** | Very low to ensure toughness. | | **Sulfur (S)** | **0.035% max** | Very low, often with calcium treatment for improved transverse properties. | | **Silicon (Si)** | **0.15% - 0.35%** | Deoxidizer and strengthens ferrite. | | **Chromium (Cr)** | **0.40% - 0.80%** | **Key Alloy.** Increases hardenability, strength, and tempering resistance. Contributes to through-thickness properties. | | **Molybdenum (Mo)** | **0.15% - 0.25%** | **Key Alloy.** Powerful hardenability agent. Prevents temper embrittlement and increases high-temperature strength. | | **Boron (B)** | **0.0005% - 0.005%** | **Critical Trace Element.** Dramatically increases hardenability with minimal carbon increase, allowing for the high strength with relatively good weldability. | | **Vanadium (V)** | **0.03% - 0.08%** | Provides secondary hardening during tempering and refines grain size. | | **Nickel (Ni)** | May be present in small amounts | Improves toughness, especially at low temperatures. | | **Key Process:** | **Quenched & Tempered.** The plate is austenitized, rapidly water quenched to form martensite, and then tempered at a high temperature (typically ~1200°F / 650°C) to achieve the optimal combination of strength and toughness. | | --- ## **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties (Quenched & Tempered)** The Q&T process yields a uniform, tempered martensite microstructure with exceptional properties. | Property | ASTM A514/A517 Grade B Specification Minimum | Typical Value (1/4" - 1-1/4" thickness) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Yield Strength (min)** | **100 ksi (690 MPa)** | Typically 100-110 ksi. | | **Tensile Strength** | **115 - 135 ksi (795 - 930 MPa)** | Typically 115-130 ksi. Very high. | | **Yield-to-Tensile Ratio** | N/A | Typically 0.87 - 0.93. High, indicating limited uniform elongation but high elastic capacity. | | **Elongation in 2" (min)** | **18%** (for ≤ 3/4" thick) | Typically 18-22%. Respectable ductility for its strength. | | **Reduction of Area** | **50% min** | Typically 50-65%. Excellent, indicating good through-thickness ductility. | | **Charpy V-Notch Impact Toughness** | **Not in base spec, but standard for bridges.** Typically **20 ft-lb min @ -20°F (-29°C)** for bridge grades (A709). | Typically **40-60 ft-lb @ -20°F** for properly produced material. **Excellent low-temperature toughness** is a hallmark. | | **Brinell Hardness** | **235 - 293 HB** | Corresponds directly to the 100 ksi yield strength. | | **Fatigue Strength** | **Very High** | Excellent resistance to cyclic loading due to clean, homogeneous microstructure. | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 29,000 ksi (200 GPa) | | --- ## **5. Key Features & Advantages** * **Extreme Strength-to-Weight Ratio:** Enables radical weight reduction in mobile equipment (cranes, trucks) and structures, directly increasing payload and efficiency. * **Excellent Toughness:** The Q&T process provides superior notch toughness and resistance to brittle fracture, even at low temperatures, a critical safety feature. * **Good Fatigue Resistance:** Performs well under cyclic loading conditions common in heavy machinery. * **Weldable (with Expertise):** Despite its high strength, it is specifically designed to be weldable using qualified, controlled procedures. * **Uniform Properties:** The heat treatment ensures consistent mechanical properties throughout the plate thickness, unlike as-rolled steels. --- ## **6. Product Applications** This steel is specified for the most demanding, weight-critical structural components: * **Mobile Crane & Construction Equipment:** Boom sections (especially telescopic booms), outrigger pads, main frames, and turntables. * **Mining & Logging Equipment:** Shovel dipper arms, excavator booms, haul truck body frames, and grapple components. * **Heavy Truck & Trailer:** Frame rails for ultra-high-capacity trailers, fifth wheels, and suspension components. * **Bridge Construction:** Fracture-critical tension members, splice plates in long-span bridges, and wear plates for expansion joints (where A709 Grade 100 is the bridge specification equivalent). * **Military & Defense Vehicle:** Armor support structures and high-mobility vehicle frames. * **Material Handling:** Components for high-capacity forklifts, stacker cranes, and conveyor drives. --- ## **7. Fabrication & Processing Notes** **Fabrication of A514 Gr. B requires strict procedure control; it is not a material for general shops without specific experience.** * **Cutting:** * **Plasma and Laser Cutting are preferred** for clean, hardened-edge-free cuts. * **Flame Cutting:** Can be used but is **not recommended** for thicknesses over 1/2" due to the high risk of forming a hard, crack-sensitive heat-affected zone (HAZ). If used, **preheat of 400-500°F (200-260°C) is mandatory**, followed by immediate post-heat and very slow cooling. * **Forming:** * **Cold forming is extremely limited.** Only simple, gentle bends with very large radii (≥ **5x material thickness**) should be attempted. **Springback is massive**. * **Hot forming (1650-1700°F / 900-925°C) is the standard method** for any significant shaping, followed by controlled cooling and often **re-qualification of the heat treatment** (re-austenitizing and tempering) to restore properties in the formed area. * **Welding:** * **A specialized procedure requiring rigorous qualification (WPS/PQR).** * **Preheat/Interpass:** **300-400°F (150-200°C) minimum.** Must be maintained uniformly. * **Electrodes/Process:** **Must use low-hydrogen, high-toughness electrodes/wires.** Common choices are **E11018-M** or **E12018-M** for SMAW, and **ER110S-G** or **ER120S-G** for GMAW. **FCAW-G with high-toughness wires is often preferred.** * **Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT):** **Often required**, especially for thicknesses > 3/4" or in highly restrained joints. PWHT temperature is **critical and must be below the original tempering temperature** (typically 1100°F / 595°C max) to avoid softening the base metal. * **Machining:** Requires rigid setups, positive rake carbide tooling, and ample coolant. The high hardness leads to significant tool wear. --- ## **8. Modern Perspective & Legacy** * **The Benchmark for 100 ksi Steel:** A514/A517 Grade B remains the industry benchmark for weldable 100 ksi yield strength plate. * **Bethlehem Legacy:** Bethlehem was a leading producer of this advanced steel. Today, it is produced by major plate mills with quenching facilities, including **Cleveland-Cliffs** (successor to Bethlehem's plate business), **SSAB**, **Nucor (via Nucor Steel Hertford)**, and **ArcelorMittal**. * **Specification for Bridges:** When used in bridges, it is specified as **ASTM A709 Grade 100**, which includes mandatory Charpy impact requirements. * **Not a Substitute for Lower Grades:** It is a premium material for specific engineering challenges. It should not be used where a lower-strength steel (A36, A572 Gr. 50) would suffice. --- **Disclaimer:** *This profile describes a high-performance engineering material. Successful use demands expertise. Bethlehem Steel is now part of Cleveland-Cliffs Inc.* **For all projects:** 1. Consult the latest **ASTM A514/A517** specification and the mill's technical data sheet. 2. **Require certified MTRs** showing chemistry, mechanical properties, and **Charpy impact data**. 3. **Welding and cutting procedures must be qualified by testing** before production. 4. Consider specifying **A709 Grade 100** for bridge applications. 5. Engagement of a metallurgical or welding engineer familiar with Q&T steels is strongly advised. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bethlehem Steel ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, steel plate Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4618 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Bethlehem Steel ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, steel plate Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, Steel Flange plate -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, Steel Flange plate -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of Bethlehem Steel Flange ASTM A514 Grade B 1/4 to 1-1/4 in. thick, Steel Flange plate -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1089 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition