AISI 5132 Steel Capillary

AISI 5132 Steel Capillary Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5132 Steel Capillary Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 5132 Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: # **AISI 5132 Chromium Alloy Steel - Technical Data Sheet** ## **1. Product Overview** **AISI 5132** is a medium-carbon chromium alloy steel designed for applications requiring **enhanced hardenability and strength** beyond the capabilities of standard 5130 steel. With a slightly higher carbon content (0.30-0.35%) and similar chromium levels (0.75-1.00%), this steel provides improved response to heat treatment, making it suitable for components subjected to moderate to high stresses where increased hardness and wear resistance are required. This steel is particularly effective when oil quenched, achieving good through-hardening in sections up to approximately 60-75mm diameter. It offers an excellent balance of **strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance** when properly heat treated, making it a reliable choice for automotive, industrial, and machinery applications requiring dependable performance under cyclic loading conditions. --- ## **2. Chemical Composition (SAE J404/J412)** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Metallurgical Function | |---------|----------------------|------------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.30 - 0.35 | Provides increased hardness and strength compared to 5130; primary strengthening element | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60 - 0.80 | Enhances hardenability; slightly lower range than 5130 for controlled response | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.035 | Residual impurity; minimized for improved toughness | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.040 | Residual element; typically kept low for uniform properties | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | Deoxidizer; provides solid solution strengthening | | **Chromium (Cr)** | 0.75 - 1.00 | Primary alloying element; improves hardenability, wear resistance, and tempering stability | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base metal | **Material Designations:** - **SAE/AISI:** 5132 - **UNS:** G51320 - **Common Forms:** Bar stock, forging billets, seamless tubing - **Available Conditions:** Annealed, normalized, hot rolled, cold drawn --- ## **3. Physical & Mechanical Properties** ### **As-Supplied Conditions:** **Annealed Condition (Optimal for Machining):** - **Hardness:** 187-229 HB (90-98 HRB) - **Tensile Strength:** 620-795 MPa (90-115 ksi) - **Yield Strength:** 415-550 MPa (60-80 ksi) - **Elongation (in 2"):** 20-25% - **Reduction of Area:** 40-50% - **Machinability:** 50-55% (relative to 1212 steel = 100%) **Normalized Condition:** - **Hardness:** 201-241 HB - **Tensile Strength:** 655-860 MPa (95-125 ksi) - **Yield Strength:** 380-585 MPa (55-85 ksi) ### **Heat Treated Properties (Through-Hardened):** **Standard Heat Treatment Cycle:** - **Austenitizing:** 845-870°C (1550-1600°F) - **Quenching:** Oil (optimal for sections up to 50mm) - **Tempering:** 200-650°C (400-1200°F) depending on required properties **Typical Properties After Heat Treatment:** | Tempering Temperature | Hardness (HRC) | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Impact Toughness (Charpy V) | |----------------------|----------------|------------------|----------------|-----------------------------| | As-quenched | 52-57 | - | - | 15-20 J | | 200°C (400°F) | 48-53 | 1600-1750 MPa | 1350-1500 MPa | 20-30 J | | 400°C (750°F) | 38-43 | 1200-1350 MPa | 1050-1200 MPa | 35-50 J | | 550°C (1020°F) | 28-33 | 900-1050 MPa | 750-900 MPa | 60-85 J | ### **Hardenability Data:** - **Ideal Critical Diameter (D₁) in oil:** ~60-70 mm - **Maximum section for effective hardening:** ~75 mm in oil - **Jominy distance to 50 HRC:** ~J10-J14 - **Quench severity required:** H=0.35-0.50 (moderate oil agitation) ### **Physical Properties:** - **Density:** 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) - **Melting Point:** 1480-1520°C (2695-2770°F) - **Modulus of Elasticity:** 205 GPa (29,700 ksi) - **Poisson's Ratio:** 0.29 - **Thermal Conductivity:** 44.5 W/m·K at 100°C - **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion:** 11.8 μm/m·°C (20-100°C) - **Specific Heat:** 460 J/kg·K at 20°C --- ## **4. Product Applications** ### **Automotive & Transportation Components:** - **Heavier axle shafts** for light commercial vehicles - **Transmission shafts** and gear components - **Steering system parts:** Drag links, tie rods, pitman arms - **Suspension components:** Heavier torsion bars, stabilizer links - **Drivetrain components:** Propeller shafts, universal joint yokes ### **Industrial Machinery & Equipment:** - **Gears** for industrial gearboxes (after through-hardening) - **Shafts** for pumps, compressors, and industrial drives - **Machine tool components:** Arbors, spindles, tool holders - **Hydraulic components:** Piston rods, cylinder barrels - **Agricultural equipment:** Implement shafts, PTO components ### **Heavy Equipment Applications:** - **Construction machinery:** Linkage pins, pivot shafts, track components - **Mining equipment:** Drill rods, conveyor drive shafts - **Material handling:** Crane components, hoist shafts - **Railway components:** Axles for light rail applications ### **Specialized Components:** - **Forged crankshafts** for medium-duty engines - **Connecting rods** for industrial engines - **High-strength fasteners** and studs - **Tooling components:** Jigs, fixtures, wear plates ### **Typical Hardness Requirements by Application:** | Application | Required Hardness | Typical Heat Treatment | |-------------|-------------------|------------------------| | Shafts | 30-40 HRC | Quench & temper at 450-550°C | | Gears | 32-38 HRC | Quench & temper at 500-600°C | | Fasteners | 35-45 HRC | Quench & temper at 350-450°C | | Tools | 40-50 HRC | Quench & temper at 200-350°C | | Wear Parts | 45-55 HRC | Quench & low temper (150-250°C) | --- ## **5. International Standards & Equivalent Grades** ### **Primary Standards:** | Standard | Designation | Specification Document | |----------|-------------|------------------------| | **SAE/AISI** | **5132** | SAE J404, J412 | | **UNS** | **G51320** | Unified Numbering System | | **ASTM** | - | A322 (Standard for Alloy Steel Bars) | ### **Global Equivalent Grades:** | Country/Region | Standard | Equivalent Grade | Notes | |----------------|----------|-----------------|-------| | **International (ISO)** | ISO 683-11 | **32Cr4** | Type 1.7033 | | **Europe (EN)** | EN 10083-3 | **32Cr4** | Designation 1.7033 | | **Germany** | DIN 17200 | **32Cr4** | Direct equivalent | | **Japan** | JIS G4105 | **SCr435** | Very similar composition | | **China** | GB/T 3077 | **35Cr** | Chinese equivalent (35Cr) | | **France** | NF A35-552 | **35C4** | French standard | | **United Kingdom** | BS 970 | **530M36** | British specification | ### **H-Grade Variant:** - **AISI 5132H:** Available with guaranteed hardenability bands per SAE J1268 ### **Related Processing Standards:** - **Heat Treatment:** AMS 2759, ASTM A29 - **Forging:** ASTM A788 - **Quality Standards:** ASTM A534 (for carburizing steels if applicable) - **Cleanliness:** AMS 2301 (for special quality grades) --- ## **6. Manufacturing & Processing Characteristics** ### **Hot Working Parameters:** - **Forging Temperature:** 1150-850°C (2100-1560°F) - **Hot Rolling:** 1100-900°C (2010-1650°F) - **Finish Forging Temperature:** ≥850°C (1560°F) - **Post-hot work:** Slow cool or anneal to prevent cracking ### **Heat Treatment Guidelines:** **1. Annealing (for Machining):** - **Full Anneal:** 830-860°C, furnace cool to 600°C, then air cool - **Spheroidize Anneal:** 740-760°C, slow cool (24 hours from 760°C to 650°C) - **Resulting Hardness:** 187-217 HB **2. Normalizing:** - **Temperature:** 870-900°C - **Cooling:** Still air - **Purpose:** Grain refinement before hardening **3. Hardening:** - **Austenitizing:** 845-870°C for 20-30 minutes per inch - **Pre-heat:** 650-700°C recommended for complex shapes - **Quenching:** Oil (ISO VG 46-68), moderate agitation - **Critical Cooling Rate:** ~25°C/second through 700°C **4. Tempering:** - **Temperature Selection:** Based on required hardness (see Section 3) - **Time:** Minimum 1 hour per inch, plus 1 hour - **Cooling:** Air cool; rapid cool through 350-575°C to minimize temper embrittlement risk ### **Machinability:** - **Optimal Condition:** Annealed (spheroidized) - **Cutting Speed:** 40-55 m/min with carbide tools - **Feed Rate:** 0.15-0.25 mm/rev - **Tool Material:** Carbide or premium HSS with positive rake - **Coolant:** Essential for tool life ### **Weldability:** - **Rating:** Fair (precautions required) - **Pre-heat:** 200-300°C minimum - **Post-weld:** Stress relief at 600-650°C - **Processes:** SMAW with low-hydrogen electrodes (E7018, E8018) - **Limitations:** Full properties only restored by complete re-heat treatment --- ## **7. Quality Control & Inspection** ### **Standard Testing Requirements:** - **Chemical Analysis:** ASTM A751 (spectrochemical or wet methods) - **Hardness Testing:** ASTM E10 (Brinell), E18 (Rockwell) - **Tensile Testing:** ASTM E8/E8M (full size or subsize specimens) - **Impact Testing:** ASTM E23 (Charpy V-notch) if specified - **Microstructural Examination:** ASTM E112 (grain size), E45 (inclusions) ### **Typical Quality Parameters:** - **Grain Size:** ASTM 5-8 (fine grain structure) - **Decarburization:** ≤0.30 mm total per side (as-supplied) - **Surface Quality:** Free from seams, laps, and excessive scale - **Straightness:** Per commercial standards or as specified ### **Special Quality Options:** - **Aircraft Quality:** Per AMS specifications with enhanced cleanliness - **Bearing Quality:** For applications requiring high fatigue resistance - **Ultrasonic Testing:** For internal quality verification - **Magnetic Particle Inspection:** For surface defect detection --- ## **8. Technical Performance Characteristics** ### **Fatigue Properties:** - **Rotating Bending Fatigue Limit:** 450-520 MPa (65-75 ksi) at 35 HRC - **Fatigue Ratio (σe/UTS):** 0.45-0.50 - **Notch Sensitivity:** Moderate (fatigue notch factor Kf ≈ 1.8-2.2) - **Surface Finish Effect:** Significant; polished surfaces improve fatigue limit by 15-25% ### **Wear Resistance:** - **Abrasive Wear:** Good at hardness >35 HRC - **Adhesive Wear:** Fair to good with proper lubrication - **Contact Fatigue (Pitting):** Good for medium-duty gear applications - **Break-in Characteristics:** Good with proper surface finish (0.8-1.6 μm Ra) ### **Toughness & Fracture Characteristics:** - **Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature:** Typically -20°C to -40°C - **Fracture Toughness (K₁C):** 55-75 MPa√m at 35 HRC - **Temper Embrittlement Susceptibility:** Moderate in 350-575°C range ### **Temperature Effects:** - **Maximum Service Temperature:** 300°C (570°F) continuous - **Short-term Exposure:** Up to 450°C (840°F) acceptable - **Cryogenic Service:** Suitable down to -50°C with proper heat treatment - **Thermal Fatigue Resistance:** Moderate --- ## **9. Design & Application Considerations** ### **Optimal Application Parameters:** - **Section Size Range:** 25-75 mm diameter for through-hardening - **Stress Concentration:** Generous fillets (R ≥ 0.5 × section change) - **Surface Finish Requirements:** 0.8-3.2 μm Ra for optimal performance - **Dimensional Tolerance:** IT8-IT9 achievable after heat treatment and grinding ### **Advantages of AISI 5132:** ✅ **Improved hardenability** over 5130 due to optimized composition ✅ **Good balance** of strength and toughness ✅ **Reliable heat treatment response** ✅ **Good wear and fatigue resistance** when properly treated ✅ **Cost-effective** for medium-duty applications ✅ **Available** in various forms and sizes ### **Limitations & Considerations:** ⚠️ **Not suitable** for very large sections (>100mm) requiring uniform properties ⚠️ **Welding requires** special procedures and post-weld heat treatment ⚠️ **Corrosion resistance** similar to carbon steels (requires protection) ⚠️ **Machinability** lower than free-machining steels ⚠️ **Temper embrittlement** risk in certain temperature ranges ### **Comparison with Similar Grades:** | Property | 5132 | 5130 | 5140 | 4130 | |----------|------|------|------|------| | **Carbon Range** | 0.30-0.35 | 0.28-0.33 | 0.38-0.43 | 0.28-0.33 | | **Chromium Range** | 0.75-1.00 | 0.95-1.20 | 0.85-1.15 | 0.80-1.10 | | **Typical Hardness** | 35-45 HRC | 30-40 HRC | 40-50 HRC | 30-40 HRC | | **Hardenability** | Very Good | Good | Excellent | Good | | **Primary Use** | Medium shafts | General shafts | Heavy shafts | Aircraft parts | | **Relative Cost** | 1.05 | 1.00 | 1.10 | 1.15 | --- ## **10. Special Processing Options** ### **Surface Hardening Techniques:** 1. **Induction Hardening:** - **Surface Hardness:** 55-60 HRC - **Case Depth:** 1.5-6.0 mm - **Applications:** Selective hardening of wear surfaces 2. **Flame Hardening:** - **For:** Large or irregularly shaped components - **Control:** Critical to prevent overheating 3. **Nitriding:** - **Requires:** Special grade with nitride-forming elements - **Benefits:** Improved wear and fatigue resistance ### **Thermomechanical Processing:** - **Controlled Rolling:** For improved toughness in specific directions - **Ausforming:** For ultra-high strength applications (requires special processing) - **Intercritical Heat Treatment:** For optimized ductility and toughness ### **Finishing Operations:** - **Grinding:** After heat treatment for precision dimensions - **Shot Peening:** For improved fatigue life (20-30% increase typical) - **Superfinishing:** For optimal surface characteristics (0.1-0.4 μm Ra) - **Coating/Plating:** For corrosion protection or special properties --- ## **11. Environmental & Economic Considerations** ### **Material Safety & Handling:** - **General Safety:** Standard steel handling procedures apply - **Machining:** Use appropriate ventilation for dust control - **Heat Treatment:** Standard furnace and quench oil safety measures ### **Environmental Compliance:** - **Recyclability:** 100% as ferrous scrap - **RoHS/REACH:** Compliant (contains no restricted substances) - **Processing Waste:** Standard steel industry controls apply ### **Economic Factors:** - **Material Cost:** Moderate (between 5130 and 5140) - **Processing Cost:** Standard heat treatment costs apply - **Life Cycle Cost:** Favorable for medium-duty applications - **Availability:** Readily available from major steel producers ### **Sustainability Considerations:** - Long service life reduces replacement frequency - Energy efficient compared to some higher alloy alternatives - Compatible with modern, efficient manufacturing processes - Fully recyclable at end of service life --- **Technical Note:** AISI 5132 occupies an important position between the more commonly specified 5130 and 5140 grades. Its slightly higher carbon content than 5130 provides increased hardness potential while maintaining better toughness than 5140 in equivalent heat-treated conditions. This makes it particularly suitable for applications requiring a balance of strength and impact resistance in medium-sized components. **Revision:** 1.1 **Date:** October 2023 **Disclaimer:** This technical data is for informational purposes. Actual properties depend on specific processing history, heat treatment parameters, and section size. Always consult with material suppliers and conduct application-specific testing for critical components. Properties may vary between manufacturers, heat lots, and processing conditions. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5132 Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4114 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 5132 Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 5132 Steel Capillary -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 5132 Steel Capillary -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 5132 Steel Capillary -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Capillary drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 585 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition