AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled

AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Technical Datasheet: AISI 1040 Hot Rolled Steel Round Bar (19-32 mm / 0.75-1.25 in)** --- #### **1. Product Overview** AISI 1040 Hot Rolled Round Bar is a versatile medium-carbon steel supplied in the as-rolled condition with a characteristic mill scale surface. This grade offers an excellent balance of strength, ductility, and hardenability, making it one of the most widely used carbon steels for general engineering applications. The hot rolling process provides a cost-effective material with reliable mechanical properties, suitable for components that may undergo subsequent machining, heat treatment, or forming. The 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) diameter range is particularly popular for shafts, axles, and general mechanical parts. --- #### **2. Key Characteristics** - **Excellent Strength-to-Ductility Balance**: Optimal carbon content provides good tensile strength with reasonable elongation - **Good Hardenability**: Suitable for through-hardening and surface hardening processes - **Cost-Effective**: Economical production method with wide availability - **Good Machinability**: Can be machined effectively in annealed or normalized condition - **Versatile Fabrication**: Suitable for welding (with precautions), forging, and moderate cold forming - **Reliable Performance**: Consistent properties for general engineering applications --- #### **3. Chemical Composition** | Element | Composition Range (%) | Standard Reference | |---------|----------------------|-------------------| | **Carbon (C)** | 0.37 - 0.44 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.60 - 0.90 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 (typical) | SAE J403 / ASTM A29 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | - | *Note: This composition provides an optimal balance between strength (from carbon) and hardenability (from manganese).* --- #### **4. Typical Mechanical Properties (As-Hot Rolled)** | Property | Value Range | Test Standard | |----------|-------------|---------------| | **Tensile Strength** | 515 - 655 MPa (75 - 95 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Yield Strength (0.2% offset)** | 345 - 485 MPa (50 - 70 ksi) | ASTM A370 | | **Elongation in 50 mm (2")** | 18% - 23% | ASTM A370 | | **Reduction of Area** | 40% - 50% | ASTM A370 | | **Brinell Hardness** | 149 - 207 HB | ASTM E10 | | **Modulus of Elasticity** | 200 GPa (29,000 ksi) | ASTM E111 | | **Shear Modulus** | 80 GPa (11,600 ksi) | - | | **Poisson's Ratio** | 0.29 | - | | **Machinability (Annealed)** | ~60% (relative to 1212 steel) | - | *Properties are typical for the specified diameter range and may vary with exact chemistry and rolling practice.* --- #### **5. Physical Properties** | Property | Value | |----------|-------| | **Density** | 7.87 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³) | | **Melting Point** | 1480 - 1520°C (2696 - 2768°F) | | **Thermal Conductivity** | 51.9 W/m·K (36.0 BTU·in/hr·ft²·°F) | | **Specific Heat Capacity** | 486 J/kg·K (0.116 BTU/lb·°F) | | **Coefficient of Thermal Expansion** | 11.3 µm/m·°C (6.3 µin/in·°F) 20-100°C | | **Electrical Resistivity** | 0.160 µΩ·m | --- #### **6. International Standard Equivalents** | Standard System | Designation | Comparable Specification | |----------------|-------------|--------------------------| | **UNS** | G10400 | Unified Numbering System | | **SAE/AISI** | 1040 | SAE J403 | | **ASTM** | Grade 1040 | ASTM A29, A576 | | **EN (Europe)** | 1.1186 (C40E) | EN 10083-2 | | **ISO** | C40E | ISO 683-18 | | **JIS (Japan)** | S40C | JIS G4051 | | **GB (China)** | 40# (40钢) | GB/T 699 | | **DIN (Germany)** | 1.1186, Ck40 | DIN 17200 | --- #### **7. Heat Treatment Response** While supplied as-rolled, AISI 1040 responds well to various heat treatments: **Recommended Parameters:** - **Annealing**: 790-815°C (1450-1500°F), slow furnace cool - **Normalizing**: 870-925°C (1600-1700°F), air cool - **Quenching**: 830-855°C (1525-1575°F), oil quench recommended - **Tempering**: 425-650°C (800-1200°F) for desired properties **Typical Heat-Treated Properties:** - **Quenched & Tempered**: Tensile 850-1100 MPa, Hardness 25-40 HRC - **Maximum As-Quenched Hardness**: 58-62 HRC - **Surface Hardening**: Induction/flame hardening up to 55-60 HRC - **Hardenability**: Moderate; effective for sections up to 30-40 mm diameter --- #### **8. Primary Applications** AISI 1040 hot-rolled rounds are used in a wide range of general engineering applications: **Automotive & Transportation:** - Axle shafts and drive shafts - Transmission shafts and gears - Steering linkage components - General brackets and mounts - Suspension parts **Industrial Machinery:** - General purpose shafts and spindles - Gear blanks and sprockets - Machine tool components - Hydraulic cylinder rods - Fastener stock **Construction & Agricultural:** - Implement drive shafts - PTO shafts - General structural components - Repair and maintenance parts **Forging & Fabrication:** - Forging stock for general components - Welded structures (with proper procedure) - General fabrication projects - Tool and die components --- #### **9. Fabrication & Processing** **Machining:** - Good machinability in annealed or normalized condition - Remove mill scale before precision machining - Use carbide or HSS tools with proper geometry - Cutting fluids improve tool life and surface finish - Recommended cutting speeds: 30-45 m/min (100-150 ft/min) **Welding:** - Pre-heating (150-260°C/300-500°F) recommended for sections >12 mm - Use low-hydrogen electrodes (E7018, E8018) - Post-weld heat treatment (595-650°C/1100-1200°F) advised for critical applications - Controlled cooling to prevent cracking **Forming:** - Good hot working characteristics at 1150-1260°C (2100-2300°F) - Moderate cold forming capability with proper bend radii - Minimum bend radius: 1.5-2 times material thickness **Surface Preparation:** - Mill scale removal essential for finishing operations - Suitable for painting, plating, or other coatings after proper cleaning - Surface hardening processes enhance wear resistance --- #### **10. Quality & Inspection** - Standard mill test reports typically available - Dimensional tolerances per ASTM A29 for hot-rolled bars - Surface condition: Hot-rolled with characteristic mill scale - Visual inspection for surface imperfections - Optional testing available: Ultrasonic, magnetic particle, hardness --- #### **11. Comparison with Similar Grades** | Grade | Carbon Range | Typical Yield (HR) | Key Difference | |-------|-------------|-------------------|----------------| | **AISI 1035** | 0.32-0.38% | 380-450 MPa | Lower strength, better weldability | | **AISI 1040** | 0.37-0.44% | 345-485 MPa | Balanced properties | | **AISI 1045** | 0.43-0.50% | 430-570 MPa | Higher strength, lower ductility | | **AISI 1050** | 0.48-0.55% | 450-590 MPa | Highest strength in 10xx series | --- **Important Considerations:** 1. Mill scale must be removed for precision applications and welding 2. Heat treatment significantly enhances mechanical properties 3. Consider normalized condition for improved machinability and uniformity 4. Proper welding procedures are essential due to medium carbon content 5. Section size affects achievable hardness and properties 6. Always verify material certification for critical applications --- **Disclaimer:** This technical data sheet provides general information about AISI 1040 hot-rolled steel. Actual properties may vary based on manufacturer, rolling conditions, and specific production parameters. For engineering applications, consult official material specifications and conduct appropriate testing. Professional engineering judgment should be applied for specific applications. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4819 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1040 Steel, hot rolled, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1290 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition