AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed

AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Data Sheet: AISI 1095 Steel, Cold Drawn, Spheroidized Annealed Round Bar (19-32 mm / 0.75-1.25 in)** #### **1. Overview** AISI 1095 (UNS G10950) in the **Cold Drawn, Spheroidized Annealed** condition represents the ultimate process-optimized form of ultra-high-carbon steel for severe cold forming applications. As the highest standard carbon steel grade, AISI 1095 in its normalized state is extremely hard and brittle. The **spheroidized anneal is an absolute necessity** to make it workable, transforming the microstructure into the softest, most ductile, and uniform state possible. Combined with precision cold drawing, this product is the definitive starting material for manufacturers who must perform complex shaping at room temperature before achieving the legendary hardness, wear resistance, and edge retention that define AISI 1095. --- #### **2. Chemical Composition (AISI/SAE Standard)** | Element | Content (%) | | :--- | :--- | | **Carbon (C)** | **0.90 - 1.03** | | **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.30 - 0.50 | | **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 | | **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 | | **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 - 0.35 | | **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | **Note:** The carbon content (0.90-1.03%) is the highest in the standard AISI 10xx series. This enables the **maximum attainable hardness for a non-alloy steel (~66-68 HRC)**, but also results in a narrow hardening window and requires exceptional heat treatment skill. --- #### **3. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (As-Delivered)** *Properties are optimized for maximum formability and machining in this high-carbon material.* | Property | Typical Value / Description | | :--- | :--- | | **Condition** | Spheroidized Annealed + Cold Drawn | | **Microstructure** | **Spheroidite** (Fine, globular carbides in a soft, ductile ferrite matrix) | | **Tensile Strength** | **585 - 760 MPa (85 - 110 ksi)** | | **Yield Strength (0.2% Offset)** | **480 - 690 MPa (70 - 100 ksi)** *(Enhanced by cold work)* | | **Elongation (in 50 mm)** | **≥ 10%** | | **Reduction in Area** | **≥ 35%** | | **Hardness** | **85 - 100 HRB** (Rockwell B) / **~ 160 - 230 HB** (Brinell) | | **Machinability** | **Fair to Good for its carbon level (~55% of AISI 1212).** The spheroidized structure improves chip control, but the high volume of hard carbides remains abrasive to cutting tools. | | **Cold Formability** | **Excellent (and essential).** This is the *only* microstructural condition in which AISI 1095 can be safely cold formed. It allows for severe operations like cold heading, extrusion, and coiling. | | **Surface Finish & Tolerance** | Smooth, bright, scale-free surface. Features excellent dimensional accuracy and straightness (±0.05 mm to ±0.15 mm typical). | | **Hardenability Potential** | **Maximum for Carbon Steel.** After final forming, it can be hardened to achieve **65-68 HRC**, providing exceptional edge retention and wear resistance. | --- #### **4. Key Characteristics & Metallurgical Rationale** * **Critical Spheroidized Anneal:** For AISI 1095, this is a non-negotiable preparatory step. It converts the brittle, lamellar pearlite and excess cementite into soft, spherical carbides, making the material safe for cold work and machining. * **Precision Cold Drawing:** Ensures tight dimensional tolerances and superior surface finish critical for high-end applications, while imparting beneficial strain hardening. * **Ultimate Performance Enabler:** This soft state is the prerequisite for unlocking 1095's renowned performance. The uniform spheroidized structure is key to predictable hardening with minimal distortion. * **Narrow Processing Window:** The high carbon content makes subsequent heat treatment sensitive. Overheating can cause rapid grain growth and retained austenite; underheating can leave carbides undissolved. --- #### **5. Primary Product Applications** This product is the specified feedstock for the most demanding applications where the absolute limits of carbon steel performance are required. * **Premium Cutting Tool Blanks:** The industry standard for blanks of **high-end knives (custom, bushcraft, tactical), straight razors, surgical blades, and precision industrial cutters** where supreme edge retention is paramount. * **Ultra-High-Strength Springs:** Wire for **critical valve springs (racing, high-performance), precision instrument springs, and high-stress snap springs** where maximum elastic limit and fatigue life are required. * **Cold Forged & Headed Components:** **Specialty fasteners, tool blanks, and mechanical components** that are formed cold and then hardened to achieve high strength in complex shapes. * **Precision Machined Wear Parts:** Components such as **industrial blades, gauge parts, and wear inserts** machined to tight tolerances before final hardening. * **Hand Tool Blanks:** For tools like **chisels and punches** that are forged or machined and then heat-treated for maximum hardness. --- #### **6. Relevant International & Industry Standards** | Standard System | Standard Designation | Title / Scope | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **AISI / SAE / UNS (USA)** | **1095, SAE J403, UNS G10950** | Standard Grade Designation | | **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A1074** | **Key Standard:** Specification for Hot-Rolled and Spheroidized Annealed Steel Bars for Forging and Similar Applications. | | **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A29/A29M** | Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy. Spheroidize annealing is an optional requirement. | | **ASTM (USA)** | **ASTM A682** | Specification for Steel, Strip, High-Carbon, Cold-Rolled, Spring Quality (for strip/spring wire forms). | | **DIN / EN (Germany/EU)** | **1.1545 / C100W2 (+C)** | EN 10263-4: Steel rod, bars and wire for cold heading and cold extrusion. The "+C" denotes spheroidized annealed. | | **JIS (Japan)** | **SWRCH90A / SWRCH95A** | Carbon steel wires for cold heading (JIS G3507-1). | | **GB (China)** | **T10(A) / 95#** | Tool Steel (GB/T 1298) or Cold Heading Steel equivalent. | --- ### **Processing Pathway & Critical Notes** 1. **Fabrication:** Perform all **cold heading, forging, extrusion, coiling, or precision machining** in this soft, spheroidized state. 2. **Stress Relieving (Highly Recommended):** A low-temperature stress relief (~345-425°C / 650-800°F) after severe cold work is critical to prevent quench cracking. 3. **Heat Treatment (Requires Expert Precision):** * **Austenitize:** **~760-790°C (1400-1455°F).** Use a controlled, neutral atmosphere to prevent decarburization. Soak time should be minimal but sufficient (typically 5-10 minutes per inch). * **Quench:** **Warm oil (40-60°C)** with strong agitation is the standard and recommended method. **Water quenching carries an extremely high risk of cracking** and is only for experts with simple geometries. * **Temper:** **Immediately and fully.** **Double tempering is strongly recommended.** Temperatures range from **150-200°C (300-400°F) for maximum hardness (e.g., knives)** to **300-450°C (575-840°F) for springs and impact tools**. 4. **Finishing:** Final grinding and polishing. **Weldability:** **Extremely Poor.** Welding is **not recommended** and will almost certainly cause severe cracking due to the high carbon content. **Summary:** **AISI 1095 Cold Drawn, Spheroidized Annealed round bar is the benchmark material for achieving the ultimate performance from plain carbon steel.** It enables the manufacture of components that demand **maximum hardness, edge retention, and strength-to-weight ratio**. Its use is justified for premium applications where performance trumps ease of processing, and it demands a high level of metallurgical expertise from the manufacturer. This material is the choice for artisans and engineers who accept no compromise on the inherent capabilities of high-carbon steel. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4899 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of AISI 1095 Steel, cold drawn, spheroidized annealed, 19-32 mm (0.75-1.25 in) round -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and steel drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1370 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition