1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types:
1:Forging,
2:Casting,
3:Cutting,
4:Rolling.
2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards.
Standards:
GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards).
Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others.
The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160.
The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500.
Flange Classification
1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)).
2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation).
3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange.
4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows:
Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc.
5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges.
6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges.
A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts."
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
AISI 1146 Steel Flange Composition Spec (UNS G11460) Product Information
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
AISI 1146 Steel Flange Composition Spec (UNS G11460) Synonyms
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
AISI 1146 Steel Composition Spec (UNS G11460) Product Information
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
### **Product Introduction: AISI 1146 / UNS G11460 Standard Carbon Steel Composition Specification**
**Overview**
AISI 1146 (UNS G11460) is a standard medium-carbon, non-resulturized steel grade primarily defined by its chemical composition. Unlike the popular free-machining grades AISI 1141 and 1144, 1146 contains no intentionally added sulfur or elevated phosphorus to aid machinability. It is a **"straight" or "plain" carbon steel** that relies on its balanced carbon-manganese content to provide good strength, toughness, and hardenability. This grade is commonly supplied in hot-rolled or cold-finished conditions and serves as a versatile, economical material for a wide range of forged, machined, and heat-treated components.
**Key Features & Characteristics**
* **Balanced Carbon-Manganese Chemistry:** Provides a reliable combination of strength, ductility, and response to heat treatment.
* **Good Hardenability:** Suitable for through-hardening (quenching and tempering) to achieve a wide range of strength levels, as well as surface hardening processes like flame or induction hardening.
* **Good Forgeability and Weldability:** Compared to resulturized grades (like 1141/1144), AISI 1146 has significantly better weldability and is a common choice for components that will be forged or welded.
* **General Purpose Application:** Serves as a workhorse steel for parts requiring more strength than low-carbon steels but where specialized free-machining characteristics are not the primary need.
---
**1. Chemical Composition (Standard Conformance)**
The chemical composition is the core specification for AISI 1146 / UNS G11460. The controlled low levels of sulfur and phosphorus distinguish it from free-machining grades.
| Element | Standard Range (%) | Key Function & Implication |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Carbon (C)** | 0.42 – 0.49 | Provides core strength and hardenability. Defines it as a medium-carbon steel. |
| **Manganese (Mn)** | 0.70 – 1.00 | Enhances hardenability and strength. Level is balanced to avoid excessive quenching stresses. |
| **Phosphorus (P)** | ≤ 0.040 (max) | Residual element kept low to maintain toughness and weldability. |
| **Sulfur (S)** | ≤ 0.050 (max) | Residual element kept low. **This is the key difference from 1141/1144.** Low sulfur ensures better ductility (especially in the transverse direction), weldability, and forging characteristics. |
| **Silicon (Si)** | 0.15 – 0.35 | Deoxidizer during steelmaking; contributes to strength. |
| **Iron (Fe)** | Balance | Base element. |
**Key International Standard Equivalents:**
* **UNS:** G11460
* **AISI/SAE:** 1146
* **ASTM:** A29 (Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-Wrought and Cold-Finished)
* **AMS:** None specific, but may be supplied to AMS 5060 or 5062 for bar.
* **DIN (Germany):** 1.0715 (C45, approximate equivalent, Mn range differs)
* **EN (Europe):** 1.0503 / C45 (approximate equivalent)
* **JIS (Japan):** S45C (approximate equivalent)
---
**2. Typical Physical & Mechanical Properties (Condition-Dependent)**
*Important: AISI 1146 is rarely used in the as-rolled or annealed condition for final parts. Its properties are highly dependent on subsequent processing (cold work, heat treatment). The values below are typical for common conditions.*
| Property / Condition | Hot-Rolled (As-Rolled) | Normalized | Cold-Drawn | Quenched & Tempered (Example) |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| **Tensile Strength** | 550 – 700 MPa | 620 – 780 MPa | 700 – 850 MPa | 900 – 1200+ MPa |
| **Yield Strength** | 310 – 415 MPa | 340 – 480 MPa | 585 – 690 MPa | 700 – 1000+ MPa |
| **Elongation (in 50mm)** | 20% – 28% | 18% – 24% | 10% – 15% | 10% – 18% |
| **Brinell Hardness (HB)** | 170 – 210 | 180 – 220 | 200 – 250 | 300 – 400+ |
| **Machinability** | Fair | Fair to Good | Good (with strain hardening) | Fair to Poor (requires hard machining) |
| **Hardenability (Jominy Data)** | Medium – Good hardenability for its carbon content; suitable for hardening sections up to moderate diameters. | | | |
---
**3. Product Applications**
AISI 1146 is selected for applications requiring dependable strength, the ability to be heat treated, or compatibility with forging and welding processes.
* **Forged Components:** Crankshafts, connecting rods, lever arms, and other parts where good hot workability is required.
* **Shafts and Axles:** General-purpose power transmission shafts, axles, and spindles that are often heat-treated for wear resistance.
* **Gears and Sprockets:** Medium-duty gears, pinions, and sprockets that will be carburized or through-hardened.
* **Bolts and Fasteners:** Higher-strength bolts, studs, and pins, especially in larger diameters.
* **Agricultural and Off-Road Equipment:** High-stress components like plow beams, axle housings, and linkage parts.
* **General Machinery Parts:** Parts requiring a combination of machinability, strength, and the option for heat treatment, where the superior machinability of 1141/1144 is not critical.
---
**4. Important Distinctions & Considerations**
* **vs. AISI 1141/1144:** The most critical difference is the **low sulfur (<0.050%)**. This makes 1146 **weldable** and better for **forging**, but gives it **poorer machinability** than the free-machining grades. 1146 is a **performance steel**, while 1141/1144 are **machining steels**.
* **Heat Treatment is Common:** This grade is frequently specified with a required heat treatment (e.g., "1146, Q&T to HRC 28-32").
* **Not a Free-Machining Steel:** It does not produce the short, broken chips characteristic of resulturized steels. Use of appropriate cutting tools and coolants is important for production machining.
* **Availability:** It is a standard grade but may be less commonly stocked than 1045 or 1141 in some bar sizes and conditions.
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
AISI 1146 Steel Composition Spec (UNS G11460) Specification
Dimensions
Size：
Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <4986 mm
Size:We can customized as required
Standard：
Per your request or drawing
We can customized as required
Properties（Theoretical）
Chemical Composition
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
AISI 1146 Steel Composition Spec (UNS G11460) Properties
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Applications of AISI 1146 Steel Flange Composition Spec (UNS G11460)
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Chemical Identifiers AISI 1146 Steel Flange Composition Spec (UNS G11460)
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Packing of AISI 1146 Steel Flange Composition Spec (UNS G11460)
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Standard Packing:
-:-
For detailed product information, please contact sales.
-:
Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 1457 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition
