JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Flange

1,We Manufacturing processes are primarily classified into four types: 1:Forging, 2:Casting, 3:Cutting, 4:Rolling. 2,We can manufacture in accordance with these standards. Standards: GB Series (Chinese Standards), JB Series (Machinery Standards), HG Series (Chemical Industry Standards), ASME B16.5 (American Standards), BS4504 (British Standards), DIN (German Standards), and JIS (Japanese Standards). Internationally, there are two primary systems of pipe flange standards: the European system, represented by the German DIN standards (including those of the former Soviet Union), and the American system, represented by the US ANSI pipe flange standards. Other common standards include: the Chinese Ministry of Machinery Industry standards (JB series), the Ministry of Chemical Industry standards (HG series), the Chinese National Standard *GB/T 9112–9124-2010 Steel Pipe Flanges*, as well as US standards (ASME B16.5), British standards (BS4504), German standards (DIN), Japanese standards (JIS), and marine standards (CBM), among others. The nominal pressure ratings for the PN series are designated by "PN" and comprise the following nine levels: PN2.5, PN6, PN10, PN16, PN25, PN40, PN63, PN100, and PN160. The nominal pressure ratings for the Class series are designated by "Class" and comprise the following six levels: Class150, Class300, Class600, Class900, Class1500, and Class2500. Flange Classification 1. **According to Chemical Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange (PL), Necked Flat Welding Flange (SO), Necked Butt Welding Flange (WN), Integral Flange (IF), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Threaded Flange (Th), Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/SE), Blind Flange (BL), Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange (PJ/PJ), and Lined Blind Flange (BL(s)). 2. **According to Petrochemical (SH) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Threaded Flange (PL), Butt Welding Flange (WN), Flat Welding Flange (SO), Socket Welding Flange (SW), Loose Flange (LJ), and Blind Flange (no specific designation). 3. **According to Machinery (JB) Industry Standards:** Flanges are classified as follows: Integral Flange, Butt Welding Flange, Plate Flat Welding Flange, Butt Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Plate Loose Flange, Lap Joint Ring Plate Loose Flange, and Blind Flange. 4. **According to Connection Method/Type:** Flanges are classified as follows: Plate Flat Welding Flange, Necked Flat Welding Flange, Necked Butt Welding Flange, Socket Welding Flange, Threaded Flange, Blind Flange, Necked Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, Flat Welding Ring Loose Flange, Ring-Type Joint (RTJ) Flange and Blind Flange, Large-Diameter Plate Flange, Large-Diameter High-Neck Flange, Figure-8 Blind Plate, Butt Welding Ring Loose Flange, etc. 5. **According to the Component Being Connected:** Flanges can be classified into Vessel Flanges and Pipe Flanges. 6. **According to Structural Type:** Flanges include Integral Flanges, Threaded Flanges, Flat Welding Flanges, Butt Welding Flanges, Lap Joint (Loose/Swivel) Flanges, and Blind Flanges. A flange—also referred to as a flange plate or rim—is a component used to connect shafts to one another, or, more commonly, to join the ends of pipes. Flanges are also utilized at the inlet and outlet ports of equipment to facilitate connections between two devices—for instance, the flange on a speed reducer. A "flange connection" or "flanged joint" refers to a detachable joint assembly comprising three interconnected elements—a flange, a gasket, and bolts—that together form a sealed structural unit. In the context of piping systems, a "pipe flange" specifically denotes a flange used for plumbing within the installation; when applied to equipment, it refers to the inlet or outlet flange of that specific device. Flanges feature a series of holes through which bolts are inserted to securely fasten the two flanges together, while a gasket placed between the flanges ensures a leak-proof seal. Flanges are broadly categorized into three types: threaded (screw-in) flanges, welded flanges, and clamp-type flanges. Flanges are invariably used in pairs; threaded flanges are suitable for low-pressure piping applications, whereas welded flanges are required for systems operating at pressures exceeding 4 kilograms per square centimeter. A sealing gasket is inserted between the two flange plates, which are then firmly secured using bolts. The thickness of a flange—as well as the specifications of the bolts used to fasten it—vary depending on the specific pressure rating required for the application. When connecting equipment such as water pumps or valves to piping systems, the corresponding connection points on these devices are often manufactured in the shape of a matching flange; this method of attachment is also referred to as a "flange connection." Generally, any connecting component that utilizes bolts to join and seal the perimeters of two flat surfaces—such as the joints in ventilation ducts—is termed a "flange"; such components may collectively be classified as "flange-type parts." However, since such a connection often constitutes merely a *portion* of a larger device—for instance, the interface between a flange and a water pump—it would be inappropriate to classify the entire water pump itself as a "flange-type part." Conversely, smaller components—such as valves—that feature such flanged interfaces may indeed be appropriately categorized as "flange-type parts." -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Flange Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Flange Synonyms -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Product Information -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: ### **Product Technical Datasheet: JIS SK4 Water-Hardening Tool Steel** **1. Product Overview** JIS SK4 is a high-carbon, non-alloy tool steel classified under the Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) G 4401 for carbon tool steels. It is a **water-hardening grade**, known for its ability to achieve a very high surface hardness and excellent wear resistance after a straightforward water or brine quenching heat treatment. SK4 offers a favorable cost-to-performance ratio for applications requiring a hard, durable edge where extreme shock resistance or high-temperature performance is not critical. Its primary limitation is its relatively shallow hardening depth and higher risk of distortion or cracking during quenching compared to oil-hardening or alloy steels. **2. International Standard Cross-Reference** While JIS SK4 is the defining standard, it has direct equivalents in other major international standards systems. | Standard System | Equivalent Grade | Key Similarity | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **JIS (Japan)** | **SK4** | Defining Standard | | **ASTM (USA)** | W1-1.0C / W108 | Similar high-carbon water-hardening grade | | **DIN (Germany)** | C100W1 / 1.1645 | Nearly identical carbon content | | **BS (UK)** | BW1B | Water-hardening tool steel type | | **ISO** | TC105 | ISO designation for similar composition | **3. Chemical Composition (Typical, weight %)** The composition is characterized by very high carbon content with minimal alloying, making it a truly "plain carbon" tool steel. | Element | Carbon (C) | Silicon (Si) | Manganese (Mn) | Phosphorus (P) | Sulfur (S) | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | **Content (%)** | 0.90 - 1.00 | ≤ 0.35 | ≤ 0.50 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 | *Note: Chromium (Cr) may be present in trace amounts (≤0.20%), but it is not an intentional alloying element.* **4. Physical & Mechanical Properties** * **Density:** Approximately 7.85 g/cm³ * **Thermal Conductivity:** Moderate. * **Machinability (Annealed State):** Fair. High carbon content makes it tougher to machine than low-carbon steels, but it is generally better than many alloy tool steels. * **Hardenability:** **Very Low (Shallow Hardening).** It achieves high hardness only to a limited depth from the quenched surface. The core remains softer and tougher. * **Quenching Medium:** **Water or Brine.** This aggressive quench is necessary to achieve full hardness but introduces higher risk of distortion and quench cracks, especially in parts with complex geometry or variable cross-sections. * **Typical Achievable Hardness:** * **Annealed State:** ~ 192 HB Max * **Hardened & Tempered State:** **Up to 64-66 HRC** (dependent on exact carbon content and heat treatment precision). **5. Heat Treatment** * **Forging:** Heat to 1050-850°C. Cool slowly in sand or furnace after forging. * **Annealing:** Heat to 750-780°C, slow furnace cool to ~550°C, then air cool. Results in a pearlitic structure ideal for machining. * **Hardening:** 1. **Preheat:** 650-700°C (critical to reduce thermal shock). 2. **Austenitizing:** 780-820°C. Soak time: ~20-30 minutes per inch of thickness. 3. **Quench:** Agitate vigorously in **water or brine (5-10% NaCl solution)** at room temperature. * **Tempering:** **Immediately** after quenching to relieve stresses. Typical tempering range is 150-200°C for 1-2 hours. Higher temperatures will reduce hardness significantly. **6. Product Applications** SK4 is suitable for tools that require an extremely hard, sharp cutting edge or wear-resistant surface, but are not subjected to high impact or elevated temperatures. * **Cutting Tools:** Simple hand tools like **chisels, plane blades, woodworking knives, and shear blades** for soft materials. * **Stamping & Forming Tools:** **Punches, dies, and blanking tools** for thin, soft metals (e.g., aluminum, brass), paper, leather, or plastic. * **Measuring & Gauging Tools:** **Low-wear gauge blocks, feeler gauges, and templates** where dimensional stability is key. * **Agricultural & Garden Tools:** **Pruner blades, sickle sections, and mower blades.** * **Miscellaneous Tools:** **Hardened washers, springs, and scrapers.** **7. Advantages & Limitations** | Advantages | Limitations | | :--- | :--- | | • Low cost and readily available.
• Capable of achieving very high surface hardness.
• Simple heat treatment process (does not require special furnaces).
• Easier to machine in annealed state than many tool steels. | • **Poor Hardenability:** Only surface hardens; not for thick sections.
• **High Distortion & Cracking Risk:** Due to severe water quenching.
• **Poor Toughness & Shock Resistance:** Brittle at full hardness.
• **Low Red (Hot) Hardness:** Hardness drops rapidly above 200°C; not for high-speed or hot work. | **Conclusion** JIS SK4 is a classic, economical water-hardening tool steel ideal for manufacturing simple, thin-section tools that demand a keen, wear-resistant edge in low-stress, room-temperature applications. Its successful use is highly dependent on skilled and careful heat treatment to manage its inherent quenching risks. For more complex shapes, thicker sections, or applications requiring better toughness, oil-hardening (e.g., JIS SKS series) or low-alloy steels (e.g., JIS SCM series) are recommended alternatives. -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Specification Dimensions Size： Diameter 20-1000 mm Length <6790 mm Size:We can customized as required Standard： Per your request or drawing We can customized as required Properties（Theoretical） Chemical Composition -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Properties -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Applications of JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Chemical Identifiers JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -:

Packing of JIS SK4 Water Hardening Tool Steel Flange -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Standard Packing: -:- For detailed product information, please contact sales. -: Typical bulk packaging includes palletized plastic 5 gallon/25 kg. pails, fiber and Steel Flange drums to 1 ton super sacks in full container (FCL) or truck load (T/L) quantities. Research and sample quantities and hygroscopic, oxidizing or other air sensitive materials may be packaged under argon or vacuum. Solutions are packaged in polypropylene, plastic or glass jars up to palletized 3261 gallon liquid totes Special package is available on request. E FORUs’ is carefully handled to minimize damage during storage and transportation and to preserve the quality of our products in their original condition